United States Department of Agriculture

Series: 2015 Avian Flu Epidemic

An unprecedented avian influenza epidemic struck the poultry industry in the U.S. over the spring and early summer of 2015. It was concentrated in several Midwestern states, with Wisconsin seeing infections in several counties that are home to major turkey and chicken operations. Both federal and state government agencies worked in tandem with poultry farmers to halt and prevent further spread of the disease, resulting in the destruction of more than 1.9 million birds in the state. The epidemic was a serious agricultural challenge for the nation, driving up egg prices and spurring officials and poultry producers to strengthen biosecurity measures intended to limit the spread and impact of animal diseases.
 
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Turkey farms in Wisconsin continue to cater to local markets. But 2017 numbers numbers from the U.S. Department of Agriculture show some decline in production.
Darlene Konkle on "University Place"
This year's avian influenza epidemic put Wisconsin agriculture officials through one of the toughest tests they've faced in a long time.
Barron County officials discuss avian flu
Barron County, located in northwestern Wisconsin, is home to multiple turkey farms and a Jennie-O processing plant. Five flocks were struck with avian influenza there over April and May.
Turkeys
Wisconsin's bout with avian influenza came amid an epidemic that would eventually become the worst in U.S. history.
Avian flu impacts in Barron County
When considering the 2015 avian influenza epidemic in the U.S., it's important not to assume that the disease spread according to any one neat geographical pathway.
Avian flu impacts in the U.S.
The 2015 avian influenza epidemic was the largest in U.S. history, affecting more than 48 million domestic poultry birds in 15 states between December 2014 and June 2015, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
Visualization by Scott Gordon. Data source: Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP).
Avian influenza struck more than 1.9 million chickens, turkeys and mixed-breed fowl across four Wisconsin counties between April and May 2015.
Influenza A virus
Influenza is an infectious disease that can be transmitted between and among numerous species of animals, including humans and other mammals, and wild and domesticated birds.
Backyard chickens
Avian influenzas, including the highly pathogenic varieties, can infect birds both wild and domesticated. Birds carrying the virus can pass it on to other birds through airborne contact, as it is found in respiratory secretions and saliva.
avian flu testing
A standard protocol of biosecurity practices is recommended for poultry growing operations, from small backyard flocks to those that raise tens or hundreds of thousands of birds. These precautions are intended to prevent and limit the spread of the avian influenza virus.